Pranayama is the ancient yogic practice of breath control, derived from "prana" (life force) and "ayama" (extension). It encompasses various breathing techniques including slow, deep breathing for relaxation and nervous system balance, rapid breathing like Kapalabhati and Bhastrika for heat generation and energy, and cooling breaths such as Sheetali and Sheetkari to reduce body temperature and calm the mind. More than just physical breathing exercises, pranayama serves as a bridge between body and mind, helping to purify energy channels, reduce stress, enhance focus, and prepare practitioners for deeper meditation and overall well-being.